What Are Closing Costs?

First time home buyers often ask about closing costs, and it can be very confusing, especially when they have limited funds to bring into escrow for closing, or when they are shopping multiple loan products with different costs structures. It’s important for all home buyers to remember that there are 3 different types of closing costs.

Title and escrow fees, and county (or city) transfer taxes comprise the first general category of closing costs, often know simply as escrow fees. These are fees that must be paid to sell a home; and all three items are specifically addressed in the California Real Estate Purchase Agreement. While the responsibility of paying these fees is completely negotiable, in Humboldt County, California these fees are most often split 50/50, with both the buyer and the seller each paying half.

The second general class of closing costs is prorations or prepaids, most often taxes or insurance payments. If a home is sold on Nov. 30, but the seller has paid his taxes through the end of the year, then the buyer must pay the seller back for the December taxes he has already paid; these are paid back on a prorated basis. Similarly, lenders often require that a new home owners insurance policy be paid up a year in advance. This is prepaid at the closing of escrow. In Humboldt County, these are typically thought of as buyers expenses, as they go to service the home during the period after the buyer has taken ownership.


Similarly, the third class of closing costs is the buyers’ loan fees. Each lender will charge a variety of up-front loan costs that range from small administrative fees up to much larger commissions or origination fees to pay the loan officer. These are fees a buyer pays for the privilege of getting a loan; a cash buyer would not pay any of these because he’s not getting a loan. Therefore, in Humboldt County, they are most often seen as a buyers’ expense.

Prorations and loan fees are not specifically addressed in the California Real Estate Purchase agreement, but they, as well as title and escrow fees, can be negotiated in the contract. The buyer can pay them all, or the seller can give a credit to pay them at the close of escrow, or they can be split in any way agreeable to both parties. It is important for a buyer to know what the different closing costs are and how much they will cost so that they can have confidence that they can meet all of the terms of the agreement.

If you’re not sure whether you have enough money saved up to buy your dream home, give me a call at (707) 499-7111, or email me at Jeff@RealtorJeff.net, and we can discuss options.